2.
   2023
/  
 ()
: 3     :50
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.         
2.    :
()  
()  
-
3.    
   484      ?
4.     
-
5.              
2.
6.   ,      - 
-
7. .         
8.           
   2023
/  
 ()
: 3     :50
:    -    ,        
             
-
1.         
:  ?
          
      
      , , ,     '  
                
2.
       
    ,  
      '    
 ,                
     ,    -  

  
    
    '       :
  ( )
               -
          ,  -  ,
 
 ,    ,           
-         
  ( )
    ,   
         
  ()        , ,    
   
 ,      :    ,   

   
    ,          
 :
   -         -  
        -       
, , , 
         '   ()    
  ,       ,  ,      

   -  ()
2.
 -   -   ,      
-  (   )       , 
            
        
   "
"            , 
  '    ,          
     
       
   
 
, ,       ,     
          ,       
         , -    () 
           
 ,   
   ,              
,               
             
    
 ,   
     
   , ,   
,               
 '               
  '   
-   
           ,  
    '         ,     
2.
      ,     ,     
    
-   
  ,  ,           
  ,           
    
  
  -        -   
 
   
?
        
:
            '  
              
            
 
,   
  
 -  , , , , ,
, ,      

     
;         
               
                  
    ,        -   
,       
    ,   ,   

 
2.
2.    :
()  
()  
:-
      
 -          
,           
     ,          
      
  :        ""  ,   
    ""       
()  

     ""      ""  ,   
             
  ( )   ( )    
   (    )   (    )   
         ()   
:              
   ( )       ,      


 :            
 :   ,    
 

:           

  ,    ( )   (  ) 
  ( )   
     ,      

2.
    '    
   -    '  
           
   
   
             ""
 
                 

 
()  

     ""  ,           
 ,      

           
            
        
:      (    )     ,  
(    )    ,    ( )     

  :         
:         
:   
      - 

   ,  -   ()  -  
 
        
  -           

    
 -          '
        ,      
 
      ,    ()    
 
2.
 

 
 

     
 
    

,     
,  

  ,  
-   

    
  / 


   
  ,   
 
 :             
 :     
        

               
      ,       
           ,     
    
-
3.    
   484      ?
:  ?
            - ,       ,
                

  '       ,     :

 -  -    ,     ,  -  
     ,  -       
  
 ,      
     ,    
    :
2.
   ,
    ,
         (),
        (),
       (),
      (),
      ,
       
 
  :
              
   
 
   ,             
     
   
       
 
       ?
   
 

                  , 
     
         :
, ,    ()   ()   ,
 ()   ()   ,
     
     "   "  ,        
   :
    ,
    ,
    ,
     
  - 484 
2.
     ,      , 

         ,   '  484  
   
        ,       
  --      :
1.    - 
        
     :
5 ( )
6 ( )
7 (  )
 :
 () 5, 6,  7    
 ( ) 5, 6,  7     
    :
5  - 5 ,
5  - 6 ,
6  - 7 ,
7  - 5 ,
         
         
       
2.   - 
          (       )    -
 ()   ,  :        
    ,                
    
 
3.   
2.
       :
-  ,   
- ,  
      ,        
 ,      
4.   
              -    
 
     ,           
  
5. , , 
  ,             ,   ,
   ,          ,      

  484     ?
  
    
  '  :
-   (5, 6, 7),
    ,
  - ,
  ,
  ,
   -     484     
     484 
 ? 
       
    
        ,  
 
,     :
"
  484      ?"
2.
   :     , , , ,    
,                 ,
          
     
     :
 
      
 -     
     
 ,     !   ,   !

     
;  , ,       
               , 
  ,            
,    '        484     
   
 
;           
 ,    
4.     
:-
   ,      
 -      
 ,         ,   
()          ,    
,     ,  ,           
  
  :           -   
    ,     ,        
            
2.
      
1.  
 ( ):       
 ( ):       
 ( ):
 (  ):
 ():,  ,   
:          ,   
   
2.  
:        (       )
:       
:
:
:, , 
:,            
     
3.  
:    
:    
:
:
:,   , 
:          
4.  
:        ( , , ,   )
:       
:
:
:, -
:      ,      
   
5.  
:    ()    
2.
:     ()   
:
:
:, ,  
:       ,      
     
6.  
:     
:       
:
:
:,  ,  
:  ,           ,
      
7.  
:    
:       
:
:
: , 
:         
8.   
:       
:        (,   )
:
:
:, , 
:         ,    
   
9.  
:     
:     
:
:
: ,   , 
  
:          '
 
2.
10.  
:       
:       
:
:
:,  , 
:           
 
  
    :         
'   
  :  
         

 
 :        
   :           
  
          (),  (),  
   ( ),    (, , )     
          

   - , , , , , , ,  ,    - 
             , 
            
-
5.              
:   ?
                  '
   ,           , ,  
            
   
  '  
   
2.
       ()     ,     
 ( ):
   
 ( ):
   
(:    , ,    )
    ,       
  ?
            "" 
,         
    :
  -  
  -  
  ,  :
  -      
   ?
    '   (
  )       : • 
 () •        
 ,          
  ?
    ,  - -  
      
  -    
 ,  : •     
      
   
2.
 ,           
  ?
          ,      

 : •          
  ,     
    ,       :
  2  -  
 4      
     -      
   
             '   
     '      ,    ,  
              ,     
                  '

 
   ,          
,              
:             ,   
         ,        
          
     ,           
             
,    
 
              ,
           ,     ,
    -     
                 
    
,     ,      

2.
    ,              
     
       
       
   

 -  -
   --
 - 
   ( )
( /  )
.. | ''  | ..
     
 1
....-

 2
......
.....'
    
    :   ,      
           
2.
    ,         
6.   ,      - 
:    -
      '  :  ()   ()    
    ,          
             , 
     ,     
  :            -  
  ,    ,       
    
   ?
:  14      () 
:14    ()        2 + 4 + 4 + 4 
:   '      ,    
             
    (   )
    (   '    ) :

  |     |     |    
    
  ,        
  14        '  - 

,        
 
 
  ,  ( )            
1.  ( )
 ,             
  
2.
         
            
:       14  ,        
  
2.  ( )
,         
          
      ,         
    
 
:     28  ,        
         
  
  
:             
        
:        
:            ,
       
  :        ,     
- 
    ' ,  
   
 
           ,    
     
        ( )    , 
         
 ,   ,         ( , )  
 

  ' ,  -  , '   
  ,   '    ,    
    
   
2.
:14
 ():4
 ( ):   '   
 ( ):  ' 9
,          
     :

1 2 | 3 4 5 6 | 7 8 9 10 | 11 12 13 14
  1, 3, 7  11 '   ,    9  ()  
 
         14     
 , 
  '     ,     
, 
  '     ,        
  
 ,    ,          
   
1.  :        
2.  :         

3.  :        
4.  : ,     
 -    
      
 

   14-              
      ,   ,   ( )  
( )            
 
2.
-
7. .         
:󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼-
      ,   ,      
             
 -  
 ,             
     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔  :         ' 
   
,            
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
: 1914, , 
:    ,         
  
:   ,      
:         
  ,               
      
 1920     ,   
      ,           ' 

 
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼  
1929 ,  .         
1931 ,  ,      ,    
   
1932 ,        ,   
      
              , 
    
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔               
  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼 
1.     
2.
   ,     ' , -     '
 
         ,     ,
    
       ,     
 
2.   
   ,   -,       
  
     
 -       ,  
    
3.    
  ,            
 
    '    , ,    
   ,       
4.   
, , ,          
 
       ,    20
      
     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼    
        ,      
 
   28  1999 84     
  ,           ""  
   ,       
,            , 
     
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼   
1.  :           
    
,    '   
2.  :      ,  
  
2.
3.  :    '    , 
        
4. :         ,     
󷷑󷷒󷷓󷷔 :       ,    '  
  
󷈷󷈸󷈹󷈺󷈻󷈼
     (1914–1999)        
                 , 
   ,         
       ,    
   
     
8.           
:-
        ,        () 
      
 -         
              , 
   
 ,           
   
 
  :              -  
     
    
1. 
:   
:     ,         
: , -    ,    
:         
:       ,      '   
    
2. 
2.
:   
:  ,    -
:    
:       
 
3.   
:-  
:-  
:, -      '   
:          
 
          
     
4. 
:     
:-,      
:      
:   ,     
5.  
:     ( )       
    
 
:     
:,    -  
:        ,    
   
6. 
:        
:,      
:        
:           

 
7.  
:       
:  ,        
:     
2.
:       
    
  ?
1. :        

 
2.  :         
3.  :    
 ,  
      
 
4.  :        , 
  
 :      "  " 
 
             ,
         , 
             

     - , , , , , , 
   - 
         -   
       
          
,              
"              
 
       ,       
 "